Genoese Fortress of Caffa, Feodosia
The citadel of Genoese Caffa, built in 1340–1343 on Quarantine Hill, and towers of the outer ring.
Genoese merchants appeared in the city at the end of the 13th century, and the citadel on the slopes of Quarantine Hill was built in 1340–1343 (Krym.Realii, 2021); the fortress had two lines of fortifications — the citadel and an outer ring. Of the citadel only the southern part of the western wall with two towers and the pylons of the main gate survive. In 1475 the city was taken by the Ottomans. Under occupation the towers are decaying: the Tower of St Constantine has been waiting for stabilisation since 2016, when part of its wall collapsed, and all these years it has stood behind a fence, propped up with planks (Krym.Realii, 30.03.2026); on 14 June 2023 an occupation court in Feodosia ordered the administration to maintain the Tower of Giovanni di Scaffa, and in March 2026 occupation media admitted that the 14th-century Dock Tower is collapsing (Suspilne, 17.03.2026).
Impossible to reach while the occupation lasts. The card point is the citadel; the Tower of St Constantine stands about 1.4 kilometres to the north.