Makiivka
Donetsk's twin city, one of the oldest centres of coal mining.
The ESU takes 1690 as the historical founding date of Makiivka, when Yasynivka is first mentioned in the sources; the sloboda of Makiivka was founded in 1787 by D. Ilovaiskyi, ataman of the Don Cossack Host. In the 1860s–1870s I. Ilovaiskyi expanded several mines here, and in 1899 an iron and steel works began operating; before the occupation the city produced up to 6% of the Donetsk region's industrial output. From 22 October 1941 to 6 September 1943 Makiivka was under Nazi occupation: the Nazis killed more than 30 thousand people. On 13 April 2014 pro-russian militants seized the city executive committee building — it was surrendered without a fight, and since then the city has been occupied by russia. Under the occupation the Kirov iron and steel works was halted, and the pipe foundry was closed and its equipment dismantled. On New Year's night, 1 January 2023, the Armed Forces of Ukraine struck Vocational School No. 19, where russian mobilised soldiers were quartered: the russian defence ministry acknowledged 89 killed, the Armed Forces of Ukraine reported about 400.
Temporarily occupied since 2014.
Chronicle
- 13 April 2014 — Pro-russian militants seized the Makiivka city executive committee building — it was surrendered without a fight. The occupation of the city began.
- November 2015 — Hromadske reports that under the occupation the Kirov iron and steel works has been halted, the pipe foundry closed and its equipment dismantled.
- March 2017 — Metinvest announced it had lost control of its enterprises in the occupied territory, among them the Makiivka Iron and Steel Works.
- 1 January 2023 — On New Year's night the Armed Forces of Ukraine struck Vocational School No. 19, where russian mobilised soldiers were quartered: the russian defence ministry acknowledged 89 dead, while the Strategic Communications Directorate of the Armed Forces of Ukraine reported about 400 dead and 300 wounded.